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The Dangers of Exposure to Asbestos Before it was banned, asbestos was widely used in commercial products. Research shows that exposure to asbestos can cause cancer and other health problems. It is difficult to tell by looking at something if it is made of asbestos. You cannot taste or smell it. Asbestos is only detected when materials containing it are broken, drilled, or chipped. Chrysotile At its peak, chrysotile accounted for 95% of the asbestos produced. It was widely used in industries including construction insulation, fireproofing, and insulation. If workers are exposed to asbestos, they can develop mesothelioma and other asbestos-related illnesses. Thankfully, the use this hazardous mineral has declined drastically since mesothelioma awareness started to spread in the 1960's. It is still present in many products we use in the present. Chrysotile can be used safely with a well-thought-out safety and handling plan is put in place. It has been proven that at the present exposure levels, there is no unneeded risk to the people working with the substance. The inhalation of airborne particles has been found to be strongly linked with lung cancer and lung fibrosis. This has been confirmed both for the intensity (dose) as in the time of exposure. One study that looked into an industrial facility that used almost all chrysotile as its friction materials, compared mortality rates in this facility with national mortality rates. It was found that, for the 40 years of processing asbestos chrysotile at a low level of exposure, there was no significant additional mortality in this factory. Chrysotile fibres tend to be shorter than other types of asbestos. They can penetrate the lungs and pass into the bloodstream. They are therefore more likely to cause health issues than fibres that are longer. It is extremely difficult for chrysotile fibres be airborne or pose any health risk when mixed with cement. Fibre cement products are extensively used in many parts of the world, including schools and hospitals. Research has shown that chrysotile is less prone to cause disease than amphibole asbestos like crocidolite and amosite. These amphibole varieties are the main cause of mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases. When chrysotile mixes with cement, it creates a strong, flexible construction product that can withstand the most extreme conditions in the weather and other environmental hazards. It is also simple to clean after use. Professionals can safely dispose of asbestos fibres after they have been removed. Amosite Asbestos refers to a set of silicate mineral fibrous that naturally occur in certain kinds of rock formations. It is comprised of six main groups: serpentine, amphibole as well as tremolite, anthophyllite, and crocidolite (IARC, 1973). Asbestos minerals are composed of thin, long fibers that range in length from fine to wide. They can be curled or straight. These fibers are found in nature as bundles or individual fibrils. Asbestos can also be found in a powder form (talc), or mixed with other minerals to make talcum powder or vermiculite. They are extensively used in consumer products, like baby powder, cosmetics and facial powder. The most extensive use of asbestos occurred in the first two-thirds period of the 20th century where it was used in insulation, shipbuilding, fireproofing, and other construction materials. Most occupational exposures were to asbestos fibres in the air, however some workers were exposed vermiculite or talc that was contaminated, and to fragments of asbestos-bearing rock (ATSDR 2001). Exposures varied from industry industry, era to era and even geographical location. Exposure to asbestos in the workplace is usually due to inhalation. However there have been instances of workers being exposed through contact with skin or by eating food items contaminated with asbestos. Asbestos can be found in the the natural weathering of mined ore and the deterioration of products contaminated with asbestos such as insulation, car brakes, clutches, and floor and ceiling tiles. It is becoming clear that amphibole fibers that are not commercially available could also be carcinogenic. They are not tightly weaved like the fibrils in serpentine and amphibole, but are instead loose elastic, flexible, and needle-like. These fibers can be found in the cliffs and mountains of several countries. Asbestos enters the environment mainly in the form of airborne particles, however it also leaches into soil and water. This can be due to both natural (weathering of asbestos-bearing rocks) and anthropogenic sources (disintegration of asbestos-containing wastes and disposal in landfill sites). Asbestos contamination of surface and ground water is mostly a result of natural weathering, but has also been caused by anthropogenic activities such as mining and milling demolition and dispersal asbestos-containing material and the disposal of contaminated dumping ground in landfills (ATSDR 2001). plantation asbestos attorneys that are emitted from the air are the main cause of disease among those who are exposed to it during their occupation. Crocidolite Inhalation exposure to asbestos is the most common way people are exposed harmful fibres that can be absorbed into the lungs and cause serious health problems. This includes asbestosis and mesothelioma. Exposure to asbestos fibres can be triggered in other ways, such as contact with contaminated clothing or building materials. This kind of exposure is more hazardous when crocidolite (the blue form of asbestos) is involved. Crocidolite fibers are softer and less brittle and therefore easier to breathe in. They can also be lodged deeper inside lung tissues. It has been associated with a higher number of mesothelioma related cases than any other type of asbestos. The main types are chrysotile as well as amosite. The most common asbestos types are chrysotile and epoxiemite, which together comprise the majority of commercial asbestos used. The other four asbestos types are not as widespread, but they can still be present in older structures. They are less dangerous than amosite and chrysotile, but they could pose a threat when mixed with other asbestos minerals or when mined close to other mineral deposits, such as vermiculite or talc. A number of studies have demonstrated an connection between asbestos exposure and stomach cancer. Several studies have found a link between asbestos exposure and stomach. However the evidence isn't conclusive. Certain researchers have cited an SMR (standardized death ratio) of 1.5 (95 percent confidence interval: 0.7-3.6), for all asbestos workers, while others have reported an SMR of 1,24 (95 percent confidence interval: 0.76-2.5), for workers in chrysotile mills and mines. IARC The IARC, also known as the International Agency for Research on Cancer, has classified all types of asbestos as carcinogenic. All types of asbestos can cause mesothelioma or other health problems, but the risks vary according to the amount of exposure that people are exposed to, the kind of asbestos used as well as the length of their exposure and the way in the way it is inhaled or ingested. IARC has declared that the best option for people is to stay clear of all types of asbestos. If you've been exposed to asbestos and suffer from a respiratory illness or mesothelioma then you should see your physician or NHS111. Amphibole Amphibole is a class of minerals that form long prism or needle-like crystals. They are a type of inosilicate mineral composed of double chains of SiO4 molecules. They typically have a monoclinic crystal system however some may have an orthorhombic structure. The general formula of an amphibole is A0-1B2C5T8O22(OH,F)2. The double chains are composed of (Si, Al)O4 tetrahedrons linked together by tetrahedron rings made of six. Tetrahedrons are distinguished from each other by octahedral sites in strips. Amphiboles are present in metamorphic and igneous rock. They are usually dark and hard. They are sometimes difficult to differentiate from pyroxenes due to their similar hardness and colors. They also have a comparable the cleavage. Their chemistry permits a wide range of compositions. The different mineral groups within amphibole are identified by their chemical compositions and crystal structures. The five types of asbestos that belong to the amphibole group include amosite, anthophyllite and chrysotile, crocidolite, and actinolite. Each variety of asbestos has its own distinct properties. Crocidolite is considered to be the most hazardous asbestos kind. It contains sharp fibers that are easily breathed into the lungs. Anthophyllite can be found in a brownish or yellowish color and is composed mostly of iron and magnesium. This type was used to make cement and insulation materials. Amphibole minerals are challenging to analyze because they have a complicated chemical structure and numerous substitutions. A thorough analysis of composition of amphibole minerals requires specialized techniques. The most popular methods to identify amphiboles are EDS, WDS, and XRD. However, these methods only provide approximate identifications. For instance, these techniques can't distinguish between magnesio hornblende and hastingsite. These techniques also don't distinguish between ferro-hornblende and pargasite.